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Phenylketonuria (PKU): Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Introduction: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare genetic disorder that affects how the body processes an amino acid called phenylalanine. PKU is a rare disorder, affecting only about 1 in 10,000 to 15,000 newborns in the United States. However, all newborns must be screened for PKU shortly after birth, as early diagnosis and treatment can prevent […]

The Neurological Complications of Alcoholism: What You Need to Know

Introduction: Alcoholism is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by a compulsive need to consume alcohol despite its negative consequences on physical, mental, and social health. Alcoholism can lead to a wide range of neurologic complications, which can be acute or chronic. Alcoholism and the Brain: Alcohol is a […]

Myopathies: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatmen

Introduction: Myopathy is a category of muscular diseases characterized by the dysfunction or damage of skeletal muscles. It encompasses various conditions that affect muscle structure, function, or both. Types and Classification of Myopathy: Several types of myopathies are characterized by distinct features and causes. • Inflammatory Myopathies: This group includes conditions such as polymyositis and […]

Myelopathies: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Introduction: Myelopathies are neurological conditions characterized by damage or dysfunction of the spinal cord, leading to a range of symptoms. They may occur due to various factors such as trauma, inflammation, infections, degenerative diseases, vascular issues, or tumors. The spinal cord is vital in transmitting nerve signals between the brain and the rest of the […]

Myasthenia Gravis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder caused by an error in communication between nerve cells and muscles. It results in muscle weakness in voluntary muscles, most often in the muscles of the eyes, face, neck, and arms. Myasthenia gravis affects approximately 1 in 5,000 people in the United States, although specific ethnic populations, such […]