Dermatomyositis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Introduction: Dermatomyositis is a rare inflammatory disease that affects the muscles and skin. It is a type of autoimmune disease, meaning that it is caused by the body’s immune system attacking healthy cells or tissues instead of foreign substances like bacteria or viruses. Dermatomyositis can affect anyone but is more common in adults than children […]

Fragile X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Introduction: Fragile X syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects individuals, typically males, causing intellectual disabilities and various physical characteristics. It is caused by a change or mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome. Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability, affecting about 1 in 4,000 males and […]

Essential Tremor: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Introduction: Essential tremor is a neurological disorder that causes involuntary shaking or trembling of the hands, head, voice, or other body parts. It is the most common movement disorder, affecting an estimated 10 million people in the United States alone. Essential tremor is often mistaken for Parkinson’s disease, but it is a distinct condition with […]

Myopathies: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatmen

Introduction: Myopathy is a category of muscular diseases characterized by the dysfunction or damage of skeletal muscles. It encompasses various conditions that affect muscle structure, function, or both. Types and Classification of Myopathy: Several types of myopathies are characterized by distinct features and causes. • Inflammatory Myopathies: This group includes conditions such as polymyositis and […]

Myelopathies: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Introduction: Myelopathies are neurological conditions characterized by damage or dysfunction of the spinal cord, leading to a range of symptoms. They may occur due to various factors such as trauma, inflammation, infections, degenerative diseases, vascular issues, or tumors. The spinal cord is vital in transmitting nerve signals between the brain and the rest of the […]

Myasthenia Gravis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder caused by an error in communication between nerve cells and muscles. It results in muscle weakness in voluntary muscles, most often in the muscles of the eyes, face, neck, and arms. Myasthenia gravis affects approximately 1 in 5,000 people in the United States, although specific ethnic populations, such […]

Medulloblastoma: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Introduction: Medulloblastoma is a type of brain tumor that primarily affects children. It starts in the lower back part of the brain called the cerebellum, which is responsible for coordinating movement and balance. Classification of Medulloblastoma: Medulloblastomas are classified as a type of embryonal tumor, meaning they arise from embryonic cells that didn’t develop normally. […]